KA MU THEI LO - PART TWO

Zan 5 zawn zet chu ka mu ta lo chu a ni a; han sawi chiam lah hi a nuam thin si lo! A hrehawm em em phei chu a ni hran lo.

Ka Mu Thei Lo series hi ka mut theih loh apiang in ziak dawn ila chuan part 50 vel dawn chu ziah tur a awm tawh awm e.

Insomnia an tih natna hi ka nei a ni thei mai ang em? :)

He natna hi eng vang a awm thei nge tih Google ah ka han zawng chhin a. Sleepfoundation.org ah hian tha deuh pakhat chu ka hmu a. Ka chhiar thuak thuak a. A thlen theitu awm ang a an sawi ho hi ka nihna a ni em em hran si lo. Taksa lam harsatna leh damlohna ka nei lo. Rilru lam ah lah ni se, mi thawveng ru ve zek chi hi ka ni bawk si. A rukin, kei pawhin a ka hriat loh hian depression ka lo nei reng te hi a ni mai ang a. Hahaha... !

Tension erawh chu a sang ve ang reng a; hna ka ngah a, hun ka nei tlem a ka thatchhe tel bawk! Chuvang chuan tension chu a awm ve reng. Mahse, rilru hah phah em em na chhan tur erawh kei chuan a tling in ka hre lo.

Eng pawh ni se, hei zing lam dar 3:14 chu a ni leh ta reng mai chu a ni a. Vawiin lamah ka ATM card lam ngei ngei ka ngai tawh bawk. Ka lam na tur hmun , Mukundapur hi a hming ka hriat vawi khatna a ni a, ka va bo em lo tur ah ngai ang.

SBI ho hi ka ATM card thar ka siam tir hi RuPay in an lo siam a ni awm a. Ka duh lo viau asin maw le! Online a hman a har lutuk hi a buaithlak. An employee te biak an har tel leh zel bawk nen, Bank hran a account siam tir mai hi a ngai dawn a ni! :)

Hui hammm...! Sava an chiap leh ta nak nak mai! Tui deuha mut hilh burh burh ka va chak em! Mut tlem vang lah hian ka cher phah ve chuang bawk si lo! Naktuk zan chu mut luih tum ila a tha ang.

Mak deuh ka tih pakhat chu... He lai M.Tech zirlai ho hi an mu tam bik lo nge ni? Dar 2 - 3 AM vel hian ka room hnuai chiah ep zawl ah hian Badminton an rawn khel ziah mai a. A changin dar 12 - 1 AM vel te... an bengchheng em em hran chuang lem lo va. Engati nge maw ni aw...ka lo ti ve mai mai thin! India zawng maksak pui pui kan lo tam a ni e.

Awwlllrait.... duh tawk mai ang. Thui deuh ziah zawng a nin awm duh.
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INDOCRYPT 2016

On 11th December, 2016, around 70 (not sure) Authors and Delegates gather at the Auditorium of Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata. I was very happy and felt proud to be one of them. Mathematicians, Computer Scientists and Programmers gather because of no other reason, but because of Indocrypt 2016, one of the most valued Cryptography Conference in India.

The credit of me being able to attend such an important conference goes to Dr. Goutam Kumar Paul. He was my guide. my caretaker and my friend. He was a very open and normal person, he never put himself above others. But still, he was one of the most respectful person I've ever met in my academic life.

So sad that I have no camera device to capture the wonderful moments.I try to attached some if I can get some from other delegates. :D

The first day ( 11/12/2016, Sunday) was Tutorials session, given by Orr Dunkelman and Claudio Orlandi. Most of the delegates reached on this day only and of course felt tired. That is why the auditorium (conference hall) was very quiet (some fo us are snoring... :D  zzzzz).

Blog hi formal deuh hian ka ziak thiam ngang lo ani e. Mizo tawng tlem kan zep tel leh zeuh ang a; Chawchhun kan han ei a, buh pangngai (steam rice) , arsa kan, dailuah kan, fanghma leh purun sen zai lep, alu kan ro an lo buatsaih a. Ceramic plate ah fiante leh fork nen kan han ti ve a. Ka ei tui thei ngang lo a. Han bar mawlh mawlh mai ka chak viau na in ka bar ngam ngang lo a ni e. Ka lanmawi duh vangin ka puar loh phah chu a ni mai awm e. Han bar puk puk ila ka lang mawi lo awm chuang der si lo ila! :D 

The lunch was a perfect one except I dare not to dig in with my bare hand, which was my tradition (digging in with bare hand). Shame on me!

The conference (paper presentation) starts on the second day, with invited talk between 2-3 presentations. The conference was maintaining a proper schedule with a correct timing. The paper presentation continues on the 3rd day and the banquet was held in Bengal Club, Kolkata on this evening, which I did not attend as I am having some other Internship-related work which I continued till the next morning (yeah, didn't sleep!)

I went to my hostel room at around 7 in the morning, change my clothes and sleep for 4 hours, took bath and headed of for Indocrypt which was about to start their lunch. Perfect timing!!! I wish I could take the picture of us having lunch under the coconut trees.

As I was saying in the previous post, I have no deep knowledge about Cryptography at all. Because of this, the conference was not a good experience academically, but it was a very very good experience in general! The delegates and authors are one of the most friendly  people I've met.

Lastly, I'll try to attached some appropriate photos if I can get them. And thanks again to my Professor Dr Paul. (even though the chance of him seeing this post is very less!). Thank you Sir! :D :D
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HELLO CRYPTOGRAPHY!

I should say this is not my first time in Kolkata because I've been inside the Netaji Shubash Chandra Bose International Airport for like five hours waiting for a delayed flight to New Delhi! 😁 !

But, formally, this is my first time in Kolkata.

I got this precious opportunity to do a research internship under Dr. Goutam Paul at RC Bose Center for Cryptography and Security, ISI Kolkata.

I love the hospitality they give here except the Internet connection! It is f**ckin' slow!

At first, I thought I'm going to write about my life here, but as I have no camera to take the photos of me and the surroundings, I think I should wait until I can get a new phone (camera).

So, I will write a short post about my first task here.

I should say I am completely new to Cryptography. But I am having some basic knowledge of graph in Mathematics. Hope I can get through this!  💪 !

Actually, my first task that my guide gave me was a very very simple thing.

He has a GPU machine in his office  NVIDIA Quadro K4000 3GB. He wants some of his colleagues to be able to access this machine from their own computer.

So, basically, my task was that I have to set up a centralized GPU server.
More technically, I have to set up a simple SSH server in the machine (which runs on Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial Xerrus).

So, all I have to do is to just install openssh-server on the system as;
sudo apt-get install openssh-server

I don't know why he let me do this! But, everything is fine.

The second task is to study CUDA programming for GPU.
Honestly, this is the first time I heard the word CUDA! WOW! It's going to be a long winter!
He gave me one PDF tutorial on CUDA and I have to do everything else.
Till now, nothing is related much to cryptography.

Last night i.e. 6th Dec 2016, I got an email from him about a new task/assignment. He attached a paper  "Optimal Listing of Cycles and st-Paths in Undirected Graphs"! My new task was to implement the algorithm they mentioned in the paper. Now this is related to Cryptography in some way. I spend the whole night studying the paper, which, until now, brought me nothing! This is surely going to be a long winter. A long one.

I should say I hate Algorithm (Mathematics), but I want to pursue a career on it.

Honestly, I wish I could turn back time and give more attention to Sir Gautam Majumder's Algorithm class! 😓!

Oh Graph , I hate you!

But, let's see! I hope that I could solve the thing.

Talking about cryptography, I never knew that graph and this encryption thing will co-relate. I have heard of classical encryption like a monoalphabetic encryption. But honestly, I  never thought that Cryptography will be so complex like this.

A very common classical encryption technique was this monoalphabetic transpositional encryption.
The below C program shown is the application of this technique.

encrypt.c


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#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

void encrypt(char password[],int key)
{
    unsigned int i;
    FILE *fptr;

    for(i=0;i<strlen(password);++i)
    {
        password[i] = password[i] - key;
    }

    fptr = fopen("code", "w");


    fprintf(fptr, "%s", password);

}

int main()
{
    char password[20];
    printf("Enter password\n");
    scanf("%s", password);
    encrypt(password,1);
    printf("Encrypted value = %s\n",password);

    return 0;
}


The encrypt.c will take a plaintext input and will encrypt it by changing its character with its predecessor i.e. s will be replaced by r, T will be replaced by S, and so on. This is because I choose the key as "1". You can change the key as you like it, but the key should be remembered as it is also going to be used for decryption The code will write the encrypted text i.e. the cyphertext to a file "code ", which will be passed as a message to another person.

The person who received the ciphertext can decrypt the code by the below C program.

decrypt.c


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#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>


void decrypt(char password[],int key)
{


    unsigned int i;
    for(i=0;i<strlen(password);++i)
    {
        password[i] = password[i] + key;
    }


}
int main()
{
    char password[20];
    printf("Enter the encrypted code!\n");
    scanf("%s", password);

    decrypt(password,1);
    printf("Decrypted value = %s\n",password);
    return 0;
}


The second person will enter the ciphertext and using the key "1", he will be able to decrypt it easily and it will show the exact plaintext that the sender encrypted.

This is one of the oldest and simplest encryption technique. If the key is found out by "a man in the middle", it can be easily cracked. Because of this, this encryption technique is not used nowadays. But still,  it was a fun thing to do and looks cool sharing with friends

Try the above simple code. If there is anythig wrong, please comment.

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THAT VULNERABILITY : MIZOSTORE.COM

Well, I don't mean to hack it. But, only a little curiosity is needed for this hack. So, I can't resist the offer from Mizostore.com .

This time I'm gonna mixed this article with Mizo language so that more people can understand!

Mizostore.com te hian an security hi lo ngai pawimawh deuh se ka duh vang chauh a ni!

They are responsible for handling the works of Mizo artiste who trust them to handle their work.

Sumdawnna atana an tih ngawr ngawr erawh chu a la ni lo mai thei. Mizo ten hla kan inpekchhawn dan ah hma kan sawn zel theih nan a an hla te online a zuar mai chauh an nih hlawm ka ring a. Mizostore.com a hla upload tu te ka en hian he website a hla upload/zawrh a innghat an awm chu ka ring chiah lo a. Chuvangin Website siam tu te lam in siamthat nan a he post hi ziak ka ni.

Hope they could fix this! :D :D

Blue Wave Records lamin "Ka zei an ti" tih hla kha Mizostore.com ah a lei theih dawn tih an tarlan ka lo hmu ve a. Mizostore.com chu ka han enchiang a. Web Developer ka nih ve avangin PHP Framework "Laravel" an hmang tih ka hre thei a. PHP source code hmu thei lo mah ila HTML source tal chu kan en teh ang ka ti a.

Ka han en chuan an web server chhung a an hla dah danah chuan pattern a awm a.

Lei hma a an hla sample ho chu /uploads/audio/album/24-intro/Hmalam_i_pan_ang.mp3 tiang hian an dah a.

/uploads/audio/album tih folder chhungah hian album id hrang hrang a awm a.  1-intro, 2-intro, 3-intro, 4-intro, 5-intro, ... ti hian a kal chho zel a. Chung album folder chhung ah chuan hla sample chu an dah zel a. a hnuai a screenshot hian a ti chiang thei awm e.

Album chhung a hla list lanna page HTML Source

Remkimi hla "Zoawi Lelte A Fam Ta" tih chu Rs. 10 ka lei a.




Ka han download dawn chuan a file link chu ka enchiang leh a. He ti hian a lo awm a.

http://www.mizostore.com/downloads/song/37/Zoawi_Lelte_a_fam_ta.mp3

WOW! WOW! WOW! a nih chuan /downloads/song/37/ tih folder chhunga hla awm hi chu ka ta ani vek mai lo maw? ka tia. Ka han enchiang a. Remkimi hla pakhat zawk "Ka chul zo (live)" chu http://www.mizostore.com/downloads/song/37/Ka_chul_zo_(Live).mp3 ti in awlsam em em in ka download ve thei ta reng mai a. Cheng 10 man kha a thlawm in ka download thei reng mai.

Tichuan folder dang ka han en leh a.

 http://www.mizostore.com/downloads/song/15/A_Kut_Phah_Ropui.mp3

Hei erawh chu access ka nei ve ta hauh lo mai. Hetah chuan a tha rih e.

Wow! Well Done!


Tichuan, Triau Trackx ho Album , ( Mizostore album id - 24 ) a vaia hla 14 awmna chu ka han en leh chhin a, "Bang tawh r'u" tih hla chu cheng 10 bawk in ka han lei leh rawih mai a.

Remkimi hla ka tih ang tho chuan album 24 (Triau Trackx) chhunga hla zawng zawng chu ka nei kim vek mai.

Ka lei tawh zawng zawng


Well, it basically means that once you bought a song from any album, you also bought the other songs.

I really do not mean to act in a offensive manner, but a defensive manner. I hope mizostore.com guys see this and fix this before more songs are uploaded to the website.

After I read all the Policies of mizostore, I do not find anything that prevents me from doing this, I make this post.

Mizo ten kan zithiamte hla kan thehdarh sak dan hi thlak ka duh ve tak zet a. Hah taka an siam music te a thlawn a lo inpek chhawn hi a tha lo hle in ka hre bawk (An phal a nih chuan thuhran!).

Hralh tura website lama an dah te pawh him se ka duh bawk.

And once again, offesnsive zawng ni lo defensive zawng a min ngaihsak ngei pawh ka beisei.

Fimkhur Rawh!
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NLP AND ME! - E2: COLLECTING TEXT DATA


One of the most important thing in NLP is text data. Collecting text data is not a simple task, especially when it comes to minor language like Mizo.  This time I'd like share some simple tactics that I used for collecting a data for  Natural Language Processing research last year i.e. 2015 - 2016 academic session. 

A clean Mizo text data is not simply available. Since I was responsible for collecting a huge amount of clean Mizo text data, I had to go to some office of local newspapers like Vanglaini. We get a big file (may be larger than 3GB), but when we try to work on it, it is just a collection of useless stuffs for us. So, I had to make a clean data by myself. I plan to download every pages of their website and extract a clean text data from it.

I am a web developer! I know how websites work and how files like web pages are stored in the server. I know the pattern how they can display the pages.

If you see some websites, you may have seen the URL of the page ending as ?id=1234 , ?page=23, ?userid=1256, etc. These are the query with which you can request a page.

For example :
If you see  www.angelvestgroup.com/info.php?id=1, you will be redirected to a page. Now, if you modify the id to 2 i.e. www.angelvestgroup.com/info.php?id=2, you will go to a different page. Like that , you can go on. 

When a data is entered into the database, all the entry has given an ID or name so that the particular data can be extracted and displayed in the web browser. But I do not say that this is the only way! 
If you are a Facebook user, you may have seen something like profile.php?id=123456789! This is the profile ID of the user. By going to www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=XXXX, you can see whose profile is that.

Like this way, most of the news websites and blogs are implemented. 

Apparently, Vanglaini website uses a Laravel PHP Framework. If you see their website you will see a pattern in their web page which is similar to the above mentioned technique. 

They have six (6) directories viz., tualchhung, hmarchhak, ramchhung, khawvel, thalai and infiamna.

All the pages in the website have an ID which can be extract and displayed simply by the format:
        www.vanglaini.org/any_of_the_above_mentioned_directory/PAGEID

                  e.g: www.vanglaini.org/tualchhung/23456

The website have a good MVC (model view control) thing which is very good. The URL "www.vanglaini.org/tualchhung/12345" will display the same webpage as "www.vanglaini.org/thalai/12345" or "www.vanglaini.org/any_directory_name/12345". 

Since I recognized all these patterns, I can simple use the "wget" command in my Linux system to download all the pages that I required. 

I simply used the shell command below which gives me all the web pages that I require.

#!/bin/bash
for i in $(seq 1 1 61234)
do
   wget http://vanglaini.org/tualchhung/$i
done

Now after I downloaded all the requires pages, I need to make them into a text file. For this, a very simple but powerful program html2text is there to fulfill my requirement. The following lines of bash code did everything for me.

for file in `find . -type f -not -name "*.*"`; do html2text "$file" > "$file.txt"; done

This lines of codes converts all the files to a text file (.txt).

Now, I need only the TXT files. I can delete all the files which is not .txt file. I can do this by
          rm !(*.txt)

This bash command works very fine for me.

Now the only thing that I still need to do is to merge all the text files into one file, which can be done by using the cat command

cat *.txt > final.txt

which merge all the contents on all the txt file into a file called final.txt file.

In such a way, I collect a ~1GB of clean Mizo text data.

I tell you this, collecting 1GB of text data is such a big task and takes lots of time.






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SIMPLE DATA ENTRY IN MYSQL DATABASE USING PHP

You may find a hell lot of tutorials on this topic, but may not work on your system because of what PHP version you are using! So, I'd also like to share a simple data entry into MySQL database using PHP! It may work with your system! :D

Note: For Beginner!

It'll be very short and simple, so that you can understand the whole code easily!

For this I will be using XAMPP (Apache) as a server ,specifically, version 5.5.37 , you may want to download it if you are going to follow this tutorial!

Depending on the Operating System you are using, you should download them!

For Windows User:

Just Install It! Hope you know how to install!

For Linux Users:



Now, to install into your system,
Go to Terminal.
Give the following commands:
cd /path-to-your-file
sudo chmod +x xampp-linux-x64-5.5.37-0-installer.run
sudo ./xampp-linux-x64-5.5.37-0-installer.run

I will not talk about Mac version as I haven't done on it!

Now, we can begin the coding! All our code should be located inside the htdocs folder of your xampp/lampp installation directory i.e. our workspace will be htdocs folder!

If you wonder where htdocs folder is;

For Windows user, the htdocs folder is usually in
C:/xampp/htdocs

For Linux users, it is inside /opt/lampp/htdocs
For this data entry, we will create only one file!
But, before that we will first explain each part one by one!
To enter data into the database we need to connect to the database first! And to connect to a database, we must have a database! LOL!
So, Lets create one database by going to http://127.0.0.1/phpmyadmin or http://localhost/phpmyadmin. Lets create one new database called directory!
Let's go to the SQL tab and enter the following query!

CREATE TABLE `members` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
  `phone` varchar(12) NOT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

Now, we have our database directory with a table members ! Lets start the connection!
Connection to the database can be created in a number of ways; mysqli (procedural), mysqli (object oriented) and pdo! Now, we are going to use procedural mysqli!
The connection to database is created as below:

<?php
$dbcon = @mysqli_connect("localhost","root","","directory");
if($dbcon){
    echo "";
}
else{
    echo "Error!";
}
?>

Before going further, lets create a simple html form!

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Simple Data Entry</title>
</head>
<body style="max-width:600px;margin:auto;align:justify;padding:8px;">
<form action="entry.php" method="post">
<legend>PLEASE FILL UP!</legend><br/>
<label for="name">ENTER NAME:</label><br/>
    <input type="text" name="name"><br/>
<label for="phone">ENTER PHONE NUMBER:</label><br/>
    <input type="tel" name="phone"><br/>
<br/>
    <input type="hidden" name="submitinfo" value="TRUE">
    <input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>

Now if any field is empty, we will notify that a field is empty! For that, we will require an array where we will store the error message!

$error = array();

To check whether a field is empty, we will use empty() library function as below:

if(!empty($_POST['name']))
        $name = $_POST['name'];
    else
        $error[] = "Please Enter Name!";

Now, if the error[] array is empty, we will insert data from html form into the database as below:

$query = "INSERT INTO `members` (`name`,`phone`) VALUES('$name','$phone')";

        $insert = mysqli_query($dbcon,$query);

Now, we can say that we are done!


Lets take a look at the while code.

<?php
//Lets connect the database....
$dbcon = @mysqli_connect("localhost","root","","directory");
if($dbcon){
    echo "";
}
else{
    echo "Error!";
}

//create one array to store error message....

$error = array();

//Let assign our html form data to our variables...

if(isset($_POST['submitinfo'])){ //if submit button is clicked!

    if(!empty($_POST['name']))
        $name = $_POST['name'];
    else
        $error[] = "Please Enter Name!";

    if(!empty($_POST['phone']))
        $phone = $_POST['phone'];
    else
        $error[] = "Please Enter Phone Number!";

    if(empty($error)){

        $query = "INSERT INTO `members` (`name`,`phone`) VALUES('$name','$phone')";

        $insert = mysqli_query($dbcon,$query);
        if(!$insert){
            echo "Query Failed!";
        }
        if(mysqli_affected_rows($dbcon)==1){
            echo "New Data Inserted!";
        }else{
            echo "Error!";

         }

    }else{
        echo '<ol>';

        foreach ($error as $key => $values) {

            echo '  <li>'.$values.'</li>';

        }
        echo '</ol>';
    }
    mysqli_close($dbcon);
}


?>

<!-- html form -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Simple Data Entry</title>
</head>
<body style="max-width:600px;margin:auto;align:justify;padding:8px;">
<form action="<?php $_PHP_SELF; ?>" method="post">
<legend>PLEASE FILL UP!</legend><br/>
<label for="name">ENTER NAME:</label><br/>
    <input type="text" name="name"><br/>
<label for="phone">ENTER PHONE NUMBER:</label><br/>
    <input type="tel" name="phone"><br/>
<br/>
    <input type="hidden" name="submitinfo" value="TRUE">
    <input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>

Name this file anything as you wanted (should be .php extension) and open your browser and go to http://localhost/your_file_name.php!

Enter any data, if there is anything wrong, please say it in the comment section!
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NLP AND ME! - E1

I have been working as a undergrad researcher on the topic of  "Natural Language Processing" for like one year now, and I haven't write any details about it!

I made a post about some introduction to Mizo language processing. I mainly focus on Machine Translation only, and that is also very basic introduction! So, I'd like to share a few things that I knew about Natural Language Processing. I will make post about NLP  in series , because NLP is a very vast field and consist of many sub-topics.

It will not be like a lecture or instruction, but merely my opinions and my ideas. Some of it may be wrong, may not be applicable in NLP. But still, I'd like to share my opinions!

Me and my colleagues are working on Information Retrieval for Indian Languages, mainly Mizo language! Our research paper haven't published yet, so I will speak later.

Last winter vacation i.e December 2015 to January 2016, we are working on Mizo Parts of Speech Tagging, which is the first time for Mizo language. We have also created Mizo POS Tagger, which will soon be available to download for public!

Mizo language, in particular, have lots of ambiguity! Sometimes working on it makes me feel very dizzy! But, as I am working with a great programmer and a brilliant mind, we are able to overcome most of  the ambiguities!

Part of Speech Tagging for Mizo somehow requires a good knowloedge of grammar! Since POST is one of the very important piece of NLP, there no other option other than to solve the ambiguities.

If you may wonder what's the neccessities of it, you can see one application called Stanford Parser. Each word in a sentence is a part of  part of speech!

Consider a sentence:

Jeremy is a good programmer living in India

If you parse it in Stanford Parser, you will find the POS tagging result as:


Jeremy/NNP
is/VBZ
a/DT
good/JJ
programmer/NN
living/VBG
in/IN
India/NNP


NNP, NN, VBG, VBZ, JJ, DT, etc. are the part of speech tags! Different language will have different POS tags as the part of speech for different language is different!

If you wanna read more about Part of Speech tagging, you could find more about it in Wikipedia.
Like I said, I don't have a deep knowledge about POS tagging, I better not talk much about it!

One thing I knew about NLP is that, before we let our machine do work on its own, we have to do it for them manually!
Our POS tagger is also one such application which will be used to tag a POS manually! Once we finished all the documentation , I will share it for download! May be someday it will be one important tool for future researchers of Mizo NLP!
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XAMPP CONFIGURATION FOR (ONLINE) WEBSITE

I don't think this is a new thing for most of you! But,  I'd still like to share this things that I found out!

During this vacation ( Summer 2016 ), I continue my internship at my very own college NIT Mizoram, with my colleague Jereemi Bentham (Genius) ! We are building a Mizo Search Engine based on Apache Nutch. So many works to do as we are the first one on this topic! After the publication of our Research Paper, I'd share the procedure of the task!

But for now, as mentioned in the title, I will share one thing I found out about XAMPP configuration!

During this internship period, I was given extra work to create an Internet User Management System (Web based)! Our college server (IIS) have some problem with PHP and other web language except ASP! As a PHP Developer, I don't know much about ASP!

So, I thought of using XAMPP and make some modification in the configuration! So, I install XAMPP Server and make the configuration as below!

First the httpd.conf file:

Path : C:\xampp\apache\conf\httpd.conf


Changes:

Now, make some changes in your httpd.conf . First, search for the following line of configuration!

ServerAdmin postmaster@localhost

This isn't necessary if you are not going to use email service! But if you want to use, change it as below!


ServerAdmin email@your_website.com

Second, find the following lines again.

DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs"
<Directory "C:/xampp/htdocs">


 This is important! By default, when you start a XAMPP server and go to http://localhost or http://127.0.0.1, you will be redirected to http://localhost/dashboard or http://127.0.0.1/dashboard. If you want to make your own website as the default home page of localhost, you have to change the above lines as:

 DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs/YourWebsiteRootFolder"
<Directory "C:/xampp/htdocs/YourWebsiteRootFolder">

Also know that your website folder must be placed inside htdocs folder!


Now, we are all good with the httpd.conf file. But, in case we want to use email service, XAMPP, by default will not allow sendmail() function of your PHP! You will have to hack the configuration file again!

But for now, I will not talk about it! I'll soon get back! I do not like a long post at a time!
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SOME SH*T IN MY LIFE - E1

Sh*t! Big problem! I have no extra money to renew my domain!Why would I pay for a domain while I can hardly pay for my lunch! :D
Last year, I bought www.sundayamizo.in from Crazydomains.in at Rs. 99 for 1 year. Now, I have to renew it for like Rs. 1000 which I, currently, did not have.

But I am confident that no one in this world will buy it before I do! I receive this renewal alert email from Crazy Domains daily since last month! Even thought its very safe (from other domain buyers), the fear of losing it always kept haunting my mind!

By the way, I have so many problem with Crazy Domains! First thing, the website looks like a junk when accessing it from my home internet! Its OK if I use some VPN. As shown below, it has no CSS at all! Difficult to use the service! What is wrong with my home IP address!


This is how it looks from my IP.

My second problem with Crazy Domains is that I can't configure some CNAME records while trying to add blog.sundayamizo.in which is for my blog www.sundayamizo.ga! Because of that, I use free domain from Freenom, my favorite free domain provider!

My problem with Crazy Domains may be because I am a cheap customer! But, atleast they should provide an email service. Also, their customer care is also very bad!

So, next time, if I can renew my domain, I better change my domain provider. May be BigRock!

Also, another big problem with my home IP is that I can't access  my XtGem account from this f**king address! I have no idea what mistake I have done! As you may have read one of my post on mobile web development, XtGem is a very important part in my web development world till today!

Why the hell should my IP be blacklisted?

I'm sure I am free from any type of virus that can affect my virus!

Why is this sh*t happening?

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SUNDAY IN MY HOMETOWN

Judging from my lifestyle as you've seen me , you probably can know that I am not coming from a very big town! Well , its true! My hometown Bilkhawthir is a small town ( but not to say small town for a state like Mizoram) in Kolasib District, Northern Mizoram. It lies 100KM away from Aizawl, and around 50KM from Mizoram-Assam Border. I don't know much to talk about the Geographical conditions!

As I've said, it is not a big town and there nothing much to talk about of it for outsiders! But, for the people of Bilkhawthlir, it is the only place where they feel free, the only place where they can sleep peacefully, the only "Canaan" in this world and  the only place where they belong on this whole Earth! So, as a proud villager of Zoram Kanaan (Canaan of Mizoram, as Prophet Chawngkhupa said ), I also have so many things to share with you about this blessed land! It may not worth reading 'cause I do not have much experience here as I live in Aizawl from 2006 ! But, I go HOME frequently to have some wonderful experiences! So, I'd like to share some!

 SUNDAY , The first day in a week:
 99% of the villagers are Christian by religion! So, most of the villagers go to church on this day. Everyone's busy this morning! Moms cook food for breakfast, Dads goes out to visit neighbor and  some member of the Church sub-committees visit each house. When you turn on the TV you can hear a choir singing a good Gospel song, praising The Lord! Most family eats breakfast at 08:30am this morning, and the breakfast is likely to include a cooked Pork with some mustard leaves! After the heavy breakfast (breakfast and dinner is usually heavy in Mizo society), we'll all dressed up for the Church service, wearing our Sunday's Best!

The Church bell usually rings at 09:30am in the morning and the service often start at 10:00am. I will not say much about the Church Service, as it differs from different denominations!

Most of the church service will end at 11:00 - 12:00 , and there may be some Follow-up programmes like KṬP (a Young Christians Association of Presbyterian Church), and some more! After all the services ,  we usually have a cup of tea and some cakes/biscuits (at our own home!) and the afternoon session starts at 1:30pm, which usually ends at 2:30pm. Frankly speaking,  it is quite boring to attend to church services all day!

For kids, Sunday afternoon is a very good day for what we call "inkahlem", or "inṭhengkah" , a game where we play a war with our guns and pistols! I always remember the days when we think of nothing, caring nothing much! All I knew was that I have my Parent always standing beside me, they provide us anything that we NEED (not all we WANT), they are like God to us, we have our friends with whom we can play, I got my toys and also got happiness! What will I need more?

Dinner's usually at 5pm and we still got night time Church service, which usually start at 6:30-7pm , depending on the season! The service lasts around one or one and half hour. Usually, for a normal people (!) , Sunday night, usually,is not a very BIG NIGHT!

So, like that , we usually end up a Sunday. If used well, it ends well!

As a Christian, we spend 70% of the day  at Church, worshiped The Lord!

n.b: When I wrote this post, may be around March 2016, I thought of writing how we normally spend the whole week in one post! But, it is going to be very long. I kept in a draft for about 3 months, and tonight when I saw that draft I change my mind and plan to write a day per post! So, I change my post title  from A WEEK IN MY HOMETOWN to SUNDAY IN MY HOMETOWN! I will soon write a new post on MONDAY IN MY HOMETOWN.


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COLLECTING MP3 MUSIC

I love music! I love listening, playing and singing! Especially, those type of music that touches the heart! From my childhood days, I mostly listen to Country music! You can find the songs which I mostly listen in My All Time Playlists!

As most of us already know, we seldom buy music or songs in India! I should say 90% of the music listener never buy them! I hope its wrong! During those time when my  music player was a tape recorder and Walkman, its necessary to buy tape cassettes! But now, through these new devices and the sharing system , like bluetooth, internet,etc.,  most of us never buy music! We now can easily get songs we wanted (if it is not secure enough)!

Walkman

Yes! I am included among those jerk who enjoy someone's hard work for free! But I shouldn't say its my fault! If it is available for free and have no money to buy, why not get it for free? Sorry, Dear Singers and Musicians!

By the way, most of the music I have now are all available in YouTube or provided for free by their owner for free! Thanks to them!

If you see my collections of MP3 musics, you would notice that they are not easily available in MP3 in other websites!

Converting Music Video to MP3 and collecting them took a lot of time! These are the music I love, what soothes me when I am weary, comfort me when I'm in distress and what I enjoy when I'm happy!

I mostly download music from YouTube as MP4 videos and then convert them again to MP3! I used some software such as Free Studio by Digital Wave Ltd, (DVDVideoSoft.com) and Any Video Converter by AnySoft ! They are available for free and are very nice to use them!

Free Studio


After I get the MP3 file, I always edit the tag! I use a particular software called Mp3tag , its free and very nice to use! My Tag always include Album name as Sundaya's Collection and I added the album art which I showed below.

Album art for my MP3 Collections


Well, I don't know much about Copyright laws! If I broke some type of your copyright laws, please inform me!

What type of music we listen often describe what kind of person we are inside!!! So, see your playlist and try to think about what kind of person you are inside!


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HAKUNA MATATA - PART TWO

My life is based on a simple Swahili saying "Hakuna Matata" !

If you have seen a Disney animated movie "The Lion King" , I believe that you have heard of this quote! Yes! My life relied on that thing, and its f**king good!

I have also wrote a post about Hakuna Matata in Mizo, but it does not really point out what I'm trying to say! Besides, I wrote it in Mizo! So, I want to share what really comes to my mind when I say Hakuna Matata! So, this is HAKUNA MATATA - PART TWO!!!

As the eldest boy of a poor family, I'm always worried about my future, my family's future, who will I become, how will I stand up for my family! I am truly worried by these things! If you don't stand on my shoes, you will not really understand it! Life was really hard to enjoy! My conscience often stop me from enjoying life to the fullest! 'If you don't study well....', 'If I did this...' , 'If I didn't do this....' .... blah blah blah... ! I was scared by everything thing that could be enjoyed!

But at some point in my life, this thing changed! I don't know when, how and who did!

Following what my heart really wants me to do is often  (I wouldn't say 'always')  a good decision! As an NITian,  a lot of stuffs and works is needed to be done! If I am what I used to be before, I may like to commit suicide also!!! But now, as I said 'Hakuna Matata' to everything or problems that comes before me, you can 100% trust me to not commit a suicide! :D LOL!!!

You know, I said that following what my heart wants me to do is often a good decision, its true! When I follow a path as a result of being afraid of the other path (which I actually wants to follow), I never end up so good!

What's the purpose of being an Engineer or Doctor or any highly paid person if you didn't enjoy your life? What's the purpose of life? What of the meaning of life without freedom? I would rather let myself cut into pieces than to live under someone's order!

Yes, money can sometimes buy you an hour of happiness! But know that there often comes a time when all money in the world can't buy you a second of happiness! Imagine yourself on a sinking ship full of treasures!

Worrying about a thing seldom solves a problem! The richest are not the happiest! Freedom! These three things are the most important basis in my life!

I always look for the Bare Necessities of Life!


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MOBILE WEBSITE DEVELOPMENT AND ME

After I passed class 12, I have no idea where I am going! I just live my life as it is! I have no further plan for my future! My Dad told me to buy a mobile phone for myself with the money I received from the school!

As he allow to buy a phone for myself, I am very excited and happy! I bought my first ever mobile phone on 23rd June 2013! It was Samsung Rex 90 S5292 ! I was crazy for it and even though it wasn't a smart phone I used it very smartly! The only thing that I need at that time was Internet! I used Opera Mini browser for Java and browse the internet freely! I am very happy with it! 

One week after I bought my phone, I come to know that some Mizo guy built a mobile website for sharing and downloading Mizo songs! ZoLand was becoming very popular as there's no website for sharing and downloading Mizo songs at that time! I accidentally visit some 404 page and come to know that they are creating a wapsite /website on Wapka   . Some curiosity in me made me create an account on Wapka and I slowly come to learn things !    
 
Wapka Home Page from Mobile

My first website was zophysics.wapka.mobi which I created on 25.07.2013. I set some bg-color and put some text and some image! But, I have removed them (don't know why!). It was just 2 and half years back , but things change so fast! I have created dozens on site on wapka , but I am not too much interested in it! 

After one month of staying on Wapka, I heard some other mobile web development platform, called XtGem! I moved to XtGem and I become very interested in it! To study CSS, Javascript and HTML , it was the best even from my phone!

I started studying basic CSS and HTML as I have no knowledge before! I used W3Schools study HTML and CSS . I note down new things I learnt on a notebook and it helps me very much! 

After 3 months of studying web basic from my REX 90, I decided that I have to change my phone for better study as my phone have so many problems! So, I sold it and buy GIONEE P2   and it was so perfect for me! 

After 2 months of hard working and many sleepless nights, I can finished my first proper website which I called Genesis Chamber, a dowloads site -cum- my blog - cum - Gallery!!!


Facebook was becoming popular among most Mizo people in 2012-13.  That was the time I started having my mobile phone and become in touch with my phone every time! My relatives always scold me thinking that I was going online on Facebook and doing nonsense thing! But actually, I am studying and start a way for my future! They wouldn't believe me if I say!!! :D :D !!! My eyes suffer very much because of that thing , but never regret!


I never publish my website Genesis Chamber for almost a year and I improved it day by day! As I am preparing for JEE exam , I couldn't give much time to it and almost forget about it! And on October 7th , 2014 , I started publishing my website in memory of my beloved mother K.Lalngaihawmi , who died on 7th October 2011. I gain many visitors at the time of publishing and I was the only one who created a proper downloads site in XtGem ! It was a little bit tougher than Wapka and there's no proper tutorials on it!


Genesis Chamber Homepage


After 2 months of publishing, many other Mizo webmaster approaches me to give them a tutorial on it. I reject 2-3 persons, but as more and more come to me requesting tutorials, I thought of creating a tutorial on it! So, I started writing and on December 2014, I published LushaiWeb !


As I own a laptop and get some internet connection, I quit mobile (wap) web development and started learning to develop a Desktop friendly websites! As I started learing C and C++ programming language on my regular course, I plan to study PHP and some other web development languages on my own! And now, I have done something for my college and some company!


What I wanted to say is that, if I didn't started way back in 2013 i.e when I have only  a very poor device and poor internet connection, I wouldn't reached this position I reached today!


My love for internet and computers destroyed my dream to become a Physicists! But I will never let myself down! I will use the very same thing (internet and computers) to make a name for myself!


That is the reason why I say,

     "Eng thil pawh i nun tichhe khawp a i atchilh chuan, i nun siam tha leh turin fing takin luh chilh law law rawh"




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IN THEIR SHOES

As the unexpected storm hits Aizawl these days, the power supply weren't normal again (as it used to be) !

Chanmari , Aizawl, shot from Bus Stand

This very night also happens the same thing! I have mid-semester exam tomorrow and lots of extra work to do! (You may wonder how come I have time to write this post! But read on!)

I contact a father of one of my friend who work in P&E Dept and ask him when will we be having power supply and why we still do not have the whole day! He told me that there was some line fault due to the heavy rain and they're expecting to get it back to work soon!

As I told all my problem and told him that I am very worried with all the tasks I have to do, he start laughing and told me that "Kawlphetha awm lo hi chuan kan awm thei tawh lo chu a nih hi maw...!" , which simply means that we surely cannot live without power supply! He explains why he said that in this way: I will translate in English!

Just before you call me, one man also calls me! He was having similar problem with you but the case was a little bit more serious than yours! He was facing one of the most important interview for his career in his life and it was going to be online! He had to do it tonight and there's no second chance! But as the power supply was not there and no inverter or generator , he was very worried as the time was coming very near! If he fail to do this, he lost his valuable chance! But there's nothing much I can do for him as the error couldn't be fix in just a minute! So I told him that we are going to make it work soon! "

Online Interview

After I heard him say, so many things fly around my brain and my heart :D ! After putting myself in that person's shoes or chappal or whatever, how worried am I going to be? If you consider yourself as losing your biggest opportunities in your life , how will you feel?

The effect of no power supply can destroy a man's life! It can make you fail your exam! It can make you feel lonely :D ! In the mean time can be a good time for robbers and ramhuai!

Not only 'no current' case , other cases like 'traffic jam' many life can be destroyed!

Due to traffic jam , one's career can be destroyed! A seriously ill person who could be saved if he reach in time can lose his chance of continuing his life! A girl who is going to get married in 5 minutes can not reach her place! (as seen in Vai film)!  A student can get a nice stick on his face as he cannot reach the class in the proper time (me got one too! ) :D !

Traffic Jam, Aizawl


If you think and put yourself in others' shoes, you will understand why there must be a very vast understanding in everything! We should understand each others problem to prevent this world from being a harsh world to live in!

I would not add much about this thing! Its not because I have less thing to say, but because I know that when I wrote long post... myself hate them to read it and feel bored!

So, I will start my study and publish this post at 1:45 am , i.e on 1st April , 2016 !
Oh Gosh! Its April Fool! Just realized it as I wrote!

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MIZO-FYING THE INTERNET

If you have used the internet , not only facebook or other social networks, I hope you have used or heard of the word "Google Translate" ! Google Translate is a online tool/service which is used to translate one language to another language! Other such services are also available like Babelfish.com  and many more. The most efficient and most accurate one will be what we call Google Translate which, currently, have about 90 different languages!


Through this Machine Translation  system , I personally believed that, we can make the world again as it used to be during the time of Babel !  We can make the world a more open place and a real global village. As we know, social networking websites like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and many more, they make a more open place for connectivity all over the world. But, the medium of conversation i.e. the language is still different. Although we have English as the International language , not everyone can speak or understand English! 

We all wanted to save our own language from extinction, especially the Mizo's. I am currently working on this topic of "Nature Language Processing in Mizo" under the guidance of Dr. Partha Pakray  and Mr. Gautam Majumder. I am very excited and very grateful that they give an interest in Mizo language processing which is a tough thing for them as they have a very little knowledge about Mizo. I praised them for taking steps on such thing while no Mizo people haven't work yet!
This is a very big challenge for me and I am giving my best effort on it!

Creating a translation system for Mizo language, specially for the Internet (which I call Mizo-fying the Internet) have always been on my mind since my childhood days! Now, I got the chance!!
But, I do not have a deep knowledge of the Mizo language and also that a very good knowledge of English is also very much required at which I am very poor!

Mizo tawng hi tun dinhmun ah chuan a boral hlauhawm chu a ni hauh lo, chu mi tichiang tur chuan tawng dang nen a leh tawn zung zung theihna hi kan neih ve ngei hi ka duh em em a ni. Tunlai khawvel changkan zelna ah hian kan hnam nunphung leh ziarang hrang hrang te, kan tawng te hi khawvel mit hmuh a kan pholan ve a, kan Mizo khawvel hi kan tih zauh zel hi ka duh tak meuh meuh a ni. 

This is an ongoing project and I will try to give a short report on what we have done here on my blog. If anyone is interested, you can contact our Leader Dr. Partha Pakray , Head of Department , Dept. of Computer Science & Engg., NIT Mizoram .

We would very much appreciate Mizo Lecturers or Teachers who have a deep knowledge in Mizo language.
Come on. Let's Mizo-fy the Internet!

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FORTRESS OF SOLITUDE??

Genesis Chamber ni thin kha Fortress of Solitude tiin ka thlak ta.
A chhan han sawi teh chiam tur phei chu a awm chuang hauh lo. A remchang zawk a ka hriat deuh zawk vang mai te pawh a niang chu!

Pakhat leh ah chuan http://ralte.xtgem.com hi Genesis Chamber tiin ka vuah hmasa zawk hrim hrim bawk a. Website pahnih Genesis Chamber an nih ve ve chuan a lem tlat a, a thlak na tur ka han dap kual a Fortress of Solitude hian ka lung a kuai ta deuh ber a ni mai e!


Fortress of Solitude

A chung a thlalak khi en la, Superman film engemaw ber i en tawh chuan Fortress of Solitude chu enge a nih i hre mai awm e!

Superman a chawlhbuk leh a headquarter hi film ah i hmu ve tawh ngei in a rinawm! Chumi behchhan a he ka 'Fortress of Solitude' hi siam ka ni!

Ka tum dan chuan ka blog hi a tam thei ang ber Sap tawng-in ka ziak ve tawh ang chu ka lo ti a! Ka English thiam loh nen chuan ka huphurh ang reng viau! Mahse, ka hlawk pui zawk ang em tih ka ngaihtuah neuh neuh thin a, kan ti ve chhin dawn reng reng ang e!

Ka rilru a awm Sap tawng a ka sawi chhuah theih ngang si loh ho chu Mizo tawng pawn kan pawlh nawk nawk mai a niang chu!

Ka Personal Website (blog ni lo) ka siam tha a, Linux Hosting a ni a, Wordpress vel a install theih tho rualin Blogger hi kei chuan ka ngaina zawk tlat sia, ka blog template nen a inmil deuh hlek CSS (Bootstrap) ka siam a , ka website ah chuan ka hmang ve ta a, a pangai ve khawp mai!

Blog tlawhtu em em nei hran lo mah ila, ka han luh chang hian nun hi a tihlim ve a, inphawrh ruah na tha tak lo ni bawk nen , ka hlim ve em em mai a ni!
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C PROGRAMMING ZIR VE RAWH

Computer Programming zir tan tur a kan inchahna leh kan inhmelhriattir na Post lam kha i lo chhiar ve a nih chuan tun a kan sawi tum hi chu i hriatthiam ve nel nual tawh chu ka beisei.

Programming languages hrang hrang a awm a, chung zing a pakhat "High-level language" kan tih zing a mi, C language nen hian han inhmelhriat tir che ka duh a, i khawih tam poh leh i ngaina ang !
Tin, he tutorial/guide hi Windows Operating System tan bik a ka ziah a  ni. Linux emaw Mac emaw tan chuan a dik ve kher lo lai a awm ang tijh min hriatsak lawk dawn nia!!



C History Tawite
C Programming hi 1969 leh 1973 inkar vel a Dennis Ritchie-a'n AT&T Bell Labs a a siam a ni a, UNIX operating system siam nan a hman hmasak ber a ni. Siam a nih atanga tun thleng hian khawvel a Programming language hman nasat ber leh tangkai ber a ni.



A history chung chang ah  chuan buai thui vak lo mai ila, hriat belh duh i neih chuan han Google keuh la, a mak a mak a tam a lo awm thut mai ang!

He article ah hi chuan C Programming la hre lo, hre ve duh, ti chhin ve hrim hrim duh te tan tawi te in ka rawn sawi dawn a ni. Enge kan mamawh tihte, kan hriat tur tul leh kan program hmasa ber code nen ka rawn share dawn a ni.

Eng hmanrua nge kan mamawh?

A hmasa berin Computer awm rawh se. I ta a ni emaw, school a mi a ni emaw, i pate-a te ta a ni emaw, in thenawm te ta a ni emaw, program code i ziahna tur computer chu a awm hmasak ber a ngai! Tunlai ah Android apps C compile theihna a awm tawh a ni mai thei a (ka la check hlawm chiah lo!), a awm a nih pawn compile vek theih loh chin chu a nei dawn!

A dawt leh ah chuan kan code ziahna tur software/application kan mamawh leh ang. Heng programming language ziahna (compile thei nghal bawk) software ho hi IDE (Integrated Development Environment) an ti thin a, IDE ti in kan sawi tawh ang.

IDE tel lo pawh hian Notepad a code ziahin GCC compiler in Command Prompt atangin a run theih tho a, awlsam zawk leh hman nuam zawk a nih avangin IDE hman mai hi a tha zawk rih a ni!

Windows OS hmangtu te tan a IDE hman tam ber chu Dev C++ hi a ni awm e. I download duh chuan i DOWNLOAD thei ang ! I download zawhah install la, installation ah i buai chuan comment ah i sawi mai dawn nia!


A hmanrua ang zawng chuan a dang teh chiam kan mamawh lem lo!

Dev C++ hman dan, a lem nen tlem i lo en thuak thuak ila:

I install zawh chuan Dev C++ ah chuan lut la,
File > New > Source File ah lut rawh.  A nih loh paw'n Ctrl+N ti ringawt paw'n i direct thei.



Chutah chuan code chhutna tur a lo lang ang. A hnuai a mi khu copy la, i paste dawn nia.

Note: I copy dawn chuan select phawt la, Right-click lo in Ctrl+C i hmang dawn nia.

Code #1:

1
2
3
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#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
 printf("Chibai Le, Thiante u!");
}

I paste zawh ah save la, File > Save emaw Ctrl+S a file hming ah engpawh i hmang thei a, a File Extension erawh  .c emaw .cpp a i dah a ngai. 


I save zawh ah Execute > Compile & Run ah lut la, a in compile ang a, a in run nghal bawk ang. Hemi atan hian F11 key pawh kha direct in i hmang thei a ni!


I code a dik chuan a hnuai a mi ang hian a lo lang ang.


Hei hi C Program simple ber a ni. Line 5 chauh kan hmang a, C code then khat chu line maktaduai fe chuang te pawh a awm thin a ni.

Han ti chhin la, C code dang te  han zawn belh la, Copy/Paste kha inthlahrung lo phawt mai la! Ama'rawhchu, line tin khan enge hna a thawh tih hriat tum in i en thin bawk dawn  nia.

I zir belh duh chuan kan sawi tawh ang khan YouTube ah te pawh Free Tutorial tam tak zir sen loh a awm a ni kan tih tawh kha! A lehkhabu ang zawng pawn tam tak a awm a , i lei thei a nih chuan Yashawant Kanetkar ziah "Let Us C" tih te hi han chhiar la, i man chho zel ang a i tui zel mai dawn a ni!

Program dang source code leh a hrilhfiahna  nen ka la rawn let leh dawn nia.
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